P3‐426: Quality of life in mild cognitive impairment that does not progress to Alzheimer disease: Longitudinal analyses of the investigation to delay the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with Exelon (InDDex) study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quality of life (QoL) in subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment who do not progress to Alzheimer Disease (Stable MCI) has not been fully investigated. Information on the measurable changes in QoL ratings and their longitudinal course has potentially important clinical, social and economic implications. Our objective was to characterize the four-year changes on QoL and concurrent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in subjects with Stable MCI. The InDDex Study was a 48-month double-blind, randomized controlled trial of rivastigmine to delay Alzheimer Disease (AD) in MCI, with assessments at 6-month intervals. MCI criteria included having cognitive symptoms, a CDR global score=0.5 and a score<9 on the NYU delayed paragraph recall. We defined Stable MCI as including all subjects who did not progress to AD. We evaluated placebo arm data on those who completed the 48-month visit (n=209). Subject QoL was assessed with the QOL-AD scale, which includes informant (QOL-I) and subject (QOL-S) ratings. NPS were assessed with Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Baseline and 48-month change descriptive data were computed, and mixed-effects longitudinal regression analyses performed with all available repeated measures, and age, sex and baseline scores as covariates. Baseline means and SD for QOL-I and QOL-S were 37.3±4.9 and 36.7±5.1 (paired t test p=.068). Change means, SD and interquartile range were -0.6±5.6, -4 to 3, and -0.4±5.1, -4 to 3, respectively. Longitudinal regression showed no significant change in either rating. Baseline means and SD for BDI and NPI were 5.2±4.5 and 2.2±4.4. Change means, SD and interquartile range were -1.1±4.6, -4 to 2, and 0.1±4.6, -1 to 0.75, respectively. Longitudinal regressions showed significant linear score decreases over time for both scales (p=.001 and .022). Older age was associated with more depressive symptoms on the BDI. Males had more NPS on the NPI. QoL was rated similarly by subjects and informants. Subjects tended to report a lower QoL than their informants, a pattern opposite to what is observed in subjects with dementia and possibly unique to MCI. QoL assessments over 4 years suggest remarkable stability in this rating in subjects who have stable MCI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".