Bibliographic record
Abstract
Changrue, V. and V. Orsat. 2009. Osmotically dehydrated microwave vacuum drying of carrots. Canadian Biosystemes Engineering/Le genie des biosystemes au Canada. 51: 3.11 3.19 Osmotic dehydration prior to drying was able to remove free water, which accounts for around 50% of the product’s moisture. The combination of osmotic and microwave vacuum drying was investigated. The advantage of microwave vacuum drying is that it provides faster drying times with a low-temperature process. Since solid gain from osmotic agents might cause a decrease in diffusivity of the osmotically dehydrated product and lower qualities of dried product, it is important to know the effects of osmotic treatment prior to microwave vacuum drying. Two levels of microwave input power (1 and 1.5W/g) and three power modes (continuous, 45 s on/15 s off and 30 s on/30 s off) were studied at an absolute pressure of 8 kPa for the microwave vacuum drying of carrots. Drying kinetics, energy consumption, and quality in terms of water activity, shrinkage, rehydration capacity, color characteristics, and sensory evaluation were studied. Empirical models were established to fit the observed data. In general, osmotic dehydration was able to decrease drying time and energy consumption. Less shrinkage and improved appearance were the advantages in terms of quality. Page’s model showed the best fit among the tested models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".