Pacific salmon and sediment flocculation: nutrient cycling and intergravel habitat quality.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Salmon derived sediment flocs form during post-spawning die-off when organic matter from salmon carcasses combines with fine inorganic suspended sediments. These flocs deliver salmon derived nutrients to the stream bed where they enter the stream's trophic network. To assess the influence of these mixed origin sediments on salmon stream benthic habitat, a re-circulating flume was constructed and seeded with gravel of a similar size to that from regional natal salmon streams. Flume conditions for water depth, velocity, and suspended sediment were also similar to regional natal salmon streams. Following the addition of salmon organic matter, intergravel habitat quality was observed to change in three ways: (i) the proportion of silts (10-63 µm) increased, (ii) the carbon to nitrogen ratio decreased, and (iii) the biological oxygen demand of sediments increased. These preliminary results provide direct evidence that salmon derived organic matter influences the composition of inorganic sediments in, and the habitat quality of, the streambed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".