Applications of Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry on Analysis of 138 Pesticides in Fruit- and Vegetable-Based Infant Foods
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The applications of ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC QqTOF) in the determination of 138 pesticides in fruit- and vegetable-based infant foods were investigated. Pesticides were extracted from infant foods using a procedure known as the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method. UPLC QqTOF MS full-scan with a relatively high sensitivity proved to be an ideal tool for screening of a large number of pesticides in a single analysis. UPLC QqTOF MS/MS provided product ion spectra that allowed for unequivocal confirmation of pesticides. Quantification was achieved using matrix-matched standard calibration curves with isotopically labeled standards or a chemical analogue as internal standards. The method performance parameters that included overall recovery, intermediate precision, and measurement uncertainty were evaluated according to a designed experiment, that is, the nested design. Generally, about 90% of the pesticides studied had recoveries between 81 and 110%, 90% had intermediate precision of <or=25%, and 85% had measurement uncertainty of <or=50%. Compared to LC-ESI-MS/MS, UPLC QqTOF MS showed a relatively poor repeatability and large measurement uncertainty for quantification. In general, UPLC QqTOF can be used for screening, quantifying, and confirming pesticides in infant foods at 10 microg/kg.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it