A comparison of two DNA barcode markers for species discrimination in the red algal family Kallymeniaceae (Gigartinales, Florideophyceae), with a description of <i>Euthora timburtonii</i> sp. nov.
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate identification of many red algae to the species level using only morphological characters can be difficult. The emerging field of “molecular-assisted alpha taxonomy” can greatly alleviate this issue. In this approach, a large number of specimens are sequenced for a standard DNA marker as a first step to genetic species assignment, followed by detailed morphological observations. Regions of both the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI-5P) and the plastid 23S rRNA gene (UPA) have been proposed as DNA barcode markers to accomplish this task. We compared the utility of each marker as a species identification tool using members of the marine red algal family Kallymeniaceae from British Columbia, Canada. Our results indicate that COI-5P is a more sensitive marker for delimiting species, but that it can be difficult to acquire clean amplification products for many isolates of Kallymeniaceae, owing to biological contamination. This problem can be overcome by using specific primers. UPA, on the other hand, has universal primers that work in diverse lineages (e.g., red, brown, and green algae), but lower interspecific sequence variation, which has the potential to underestimate species diversity, although this was not observed in our study. During our survey, we uncovered a new species of the Kallymeniaceae, Euthora timburtonii Clarkston et G.W. Saunders sp. nov., which we describe here.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it