Exact Realization of Optical Transfer Functions With Symmetric Transmission Zeros Using the Double-Microring Ladder Architecture
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arrays of parallel-cascaded microring doublets with inter-stage differential phase shifts are proposed for realizing general optical filter transfer functions whose zeros are located on or symmetrically distributed about the imaginary jomega-axis. Compared to previously proposed microring filters capable of realizing transmission zeros, the double-microring ladder architecture has the advantages in that it is compact and requires only synchronously tuned microring resonators with nonnegative coupling coefficients. Furthermore, the building blocks of the filter are simple symmetric microring doublets, which can be separately optimized to achieve good fabrication tolerance and repeatability. A procedure for exactly synthesizing the device given a prescribed transfer function is developed in both the s- and z-domains. Examples of an optical elliptic filter and a linear-phase filter with flat-top spectral responses in both the amplitude and group delay are presented to illustrate the applications of the proposed ladder filter architecture. Sensitivity analysis also shows that the device is robust with respect to microring loss as well as variations in the coupling parameters and phase shift factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".