Nonlinear load–strain modeling of polypropylene geogrids during constant rate‐of‐strain loading
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article describes a rate‐dependent hyperbolic model that was developed to predict the tensile load–strain behavior of a polypropylene geogrid reinforcement material under monotonic and stepped constant rate‐of‐strain testing. A more general three‐component model previously reported in the literature was also used in the current study but with some modifications to compute model parameters. Details of the trial and error procedure to select three‐component model parameters, not previously reported in the literature, are explained. Both models gave similar good agreement between measured and predicted constant rate‐of‐strain tests. The accuracy of the three‐component model to simulate stepped constant rate‐of‐strain tests was judged to be better, but for practical purposes, the simpler hyperbolic model was judged to be satisfactory. An advantage of the hyperbolic model is that the model parameters are easy to determine, only monotonic constant rate‐of‐strain tests are required, and numerical implementation is simple. However, the hyperbolic model is restricted to monotonic or stepped constant rate‐of‐strain load paths. An advantage of the more complicated three‐component model is that it has been demonstrated in previous studies to be more general and thus can be used for other load paths and other polymeric reinforcement material types that do not have characteristic hyperbolic load–strain behavior. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:1617–1627, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it