Synthesis and characterization of thiol‐terminated poly(ethylene oxide) for chemisorption to gold surface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Thiol‐terminated poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) was synthesized using two different approaches: esterification of terminal hydroxyl groups with mercaptoacetic acid and amidation using N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl PEO (NHS–PEO) and cysteine. The reaction of hydroxyl‐terminated PEO with mercaptoacetic acid was carried out in boiling toluene. Different thiolated PEOs, including linear PEOs of varying molecular weights and end‐group types, and star‐type PEOs were synthesized. Nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the products. The reaction kinetics were also briefly investigated. Gel permeation chromatography was used to investigate the relative amounts of the mono‐ and disubstituted products in the α,ω‐dihydroxy PEOs. NHS–PEO was used both to attach terminal thiol groups via reaction with cysteine and to conjugate other amino acids (and potentially any amino‐containing molecule) to PEO. Reactions using NHS–PEO were carried out at room temperature in water. The chemisorption of these thiolated PEOs to gold was expected to yield surfaces resistant to biofouling, in particular to unwanted protein adsorption. Chemisorption of amino acid–, peptide‐, or protein‐terminated PEOs in addition may yield surfaces having specific biological activity. Work on these aspects will be reported elsewhere. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 594–607, 2003
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".