Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> isolates collected in Canada during 1994 to 1996
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mating type, glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase ( Gpi ) allozyme banding patterns, response to the fungicide metalaxyl and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to characterize genetic variability among 141 Canadian isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected between 1994 and 1996. Multiple correspondence analysis of RAPD profiles separated isolates into 21 groups that were not correlated to groups defined by mating type, Gpi allozyme banding patterns or response to metalaxyl. Population subdivision analysis showed that 97% of the total genetic variation was found among individuals within populations, compared with 3% among populations. The average similarity coefficient among isolates was 80%. No significant differences in haplotypic diversity were observed among the years under study, but levels of genetic diversity among local populations of P. infestans were high (0.76). All classes of response to the fungicide metalaxyl were observed, with 55% of isolates displaying moderate levels of insensitivity. The high level of genetic diversity detected within populations indicates that migration and sexual recombination probably play important roles in the population biology of P. infestans in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".