Risks of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a population‐based case–control study
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) using a nationwide claim database in Taiwan. DESIGN: A population-based case-control study. SETTING: Data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 of the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. PARTICIPANTS: Eleven thousand eight hundred and seventeen adult patients diagnosed with PAOD between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2010 and 35 451 controls without PAOD frequency matched by sex, 10-year age interval and year of index date. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Obstructive sleep apnoea and a number of comorbidities prior to the index date were assessed and analysed with logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that PAOD was significantly associated with OSA (odds ratio, OR = 1.60, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, hyperurecaemia and obesity, also showed that PAOD was significantly associated with OSA (adjusted OR = 1.37, P = 0.014). However, the association was attenuated when it was further adjusted for hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus (DM). CONCLUSION: Findings from this nationwide population-based study indicated that PAOD was significantly associated with OSA. Further studies are warranted to determine whether OSA may contribute to the development of PAOD indirectly via increasing the risks of hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and/or DM.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it