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Record W2140889508 · doi:10.1109/tvt.2003.814222

Location of mobile terminals using time measurements and survey points

2003· article· en· W2140889508 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · 2003
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicIndoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsNon-line-of-sight propagationEstimatorMicrocellShadow mappingRobustness (evolution)Computer scienceRSSGeolocationCramér–Rao boundKernel density estimationUpper and lower boundsTime of arrivalAlgorithmStatisticsMathematicsTelecommunicationsWirelessArtificial intelligence

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Mobile terminal location has attracted much interest for its applications in emergency communications, location-sensitive browsing, and resource allocation. The paper introduces the use of nonparametric kernel-based estimators for location of mobile terminals using measurements of propagation delays. It is demonstrated that these estimators perform better than the previously used parametric maximum likelihood estimators for the case of a simulated microcell environment with line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) radio propagation at several different levels of measurement noise. Their performance is not greatly degraded by NLOS effects. Methods for calculating good values for parameters of the kernel functions are demonstrated, as well as the robustness of the estimators when the values of the parameters vary from the optimal points. A lower bound on the mean square error of location estimation that considers the transition between LOS to NLOS propagation over short distances is presented. It is demonstrated the proposed location estimation method comes close to meeting this bound.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.614
Threshold uncertainty score0.621

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.241
Teacher spread0.218 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it