IgA nephropathy with early kidney disease is associated with increased arterial stiffness and renin–angiotensin system activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: IgA nephropathy is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, though whether this is due to loss of kidney function or proteinuria is unclear. METHODS: For this study 10 normotensive IgA nephropathy subjects with early kidney disease (41±5 yrs, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 87±9 ml/min, proteinuria 720±300 mg/d) and 10 gender- and blood pressure-matched healthy controls (36±1 yrs, estimated GFR 102±5 ml/min, proteinuria 70±6 mg/d) were studied in high-salt balance. Blood pressure and arterial stiffness, expressed as pulse wave velocity and aortic augmentation index, were measured at baseline and in response to 60 min of angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. RESULTS: At baseline, IgA nephropathy subjects demonstrated similar pulse wave velocity (8.6±0.7 vs. 8.0±0.4 m/s, p=0.5) but increased aortic augmentation index (12.6±3.1 vs. 1.8±4%, p=0.04) and a trend towards increased circulating renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components (plasma renin activity, 0.55±0.18 vs. 0.21±0.05 ng/l/s, p=0.08; angiotensin II, 25±5 vs. 16±1 ng/l, p=0.08) compared with controls. However, despite similar baseline blood pressure values (p=0.8), IgA nephropathy was associated with reduced arterial sensitivity to AngII challenge (Δmean arterial pressure: 19±4 vs. 29±1 mm Hg, p=0.05; Δpulse wave velocity: -0.06±0.6 vs. 1.5±0.3 m/s, p=0.07) compared with controls, even after multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Even in the setting of early kidney disease, IgA nephropathy is associated with increased arterial stiffness and decreased angiotensin II responsiveness, a marker of increased RAS activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".