Temporary tracheostomy required as an infant may be a risk factor for future centrally mediated disordered sleep ventilation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Children with spina bifida experience lifelong complex medical issues. The problems of locomotion, and neurogenic bowel and bladder are well appreciated, and the necessity of shunting obstructive hydrocephalus is equally well known. There are however, serious, less common problems associated with control of ventilation. Most common is vocal cord dysfunction, with unilateral or bilateral vocal cord paresis, and as a consequence, upper airway obstruction. Rarer still, are patients with life threatening breath holding spells, central apnea, or mixed central and obstructive apnea. In many cases, surgical decompression of the posterior fossa can result in return of vocal cord function, and relief of obstructive apnea. In a few cases tracheostomy is required. With a Chairi II malformation, the upper medulla, where the nuclei of cranial nerves IX and X lie close to the rostral tracts of the respiratory centre, may have an abnormal and tenuous blood supply. The medulla may be compromised by bony pressure or by compromise of the blood supply (herniation or chronic arachnoiditis).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".