The last great forest: a review of the status of invasive species in the North American boreal forest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cytokinins not commonly used for shoot induction from zygotic embryos of Pinus radiata D. Don.The influence of in vitro shoot and root induction treatments on the subsequent ex vitro development of the regenerated plants was also tested.Embryos were cultured with benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (T) and two cytokinins not previously assayed in radiata pine organogenesis (meta-topolin (m-T) and zeatin (Z)) in a range of concentrations and induction periods.Shoot induction treatments were assayed in seeds from different geographical origins to obtain wider conclusions.We analysed the effect of these cytokinin treatments on in vitro rooting with different auxins ((indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA)) and the traditionally used mixture.After in vitro rooting, the plantlets were acclimatized and their ex vitro behaviour was evaluated.Shoot induction treatments with 1 μM BA for 2 weeks, 4.4 μM BA for 3 weeks or 1 μM Z for 3 weeks were more effective than the other treatments.An interaction between in vitro shoot and root induction treatments was observed.IBA was more efficient for plant production because the explants rooted in this auxin had better survival rates in the greenhouse.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".