Mapping of a Region of Ebola Virus VP40 That Is Important in the Production of Virus‐Like Particles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ebola virus VP40 contains 2 overlapping late domains (7-PTAP-10 and 10-PPEY-13) that are essential for its interaction with Tsg101 and Nedd4 in the promotion of viral egress.Deletion of the late domains inhibits VP40-induced virus-like particles (VLPs).However, a truncated form of VP40, which lacks a late domain because of the deletion of amino acids 1-30, is released into supernatant as a VLP, indicating that the remaining portion of VP40 contains the structural elements required for VLP release.Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the VP40 sequence essential for VLP budding, through the generation of deletion and alaninescanning mutants.We found that the amino acid sequence around the proline at position 53 plays a critical role in VLP production and intracellular transport.These data also may suggest that a novel host factor(s) is involved in virus budding.Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus comprise the family Filoviridae in the order Mononegavirales.These viruses cause highly lethal hemorrhagic fever with extremely high mortality rates among humans and nonhuman primates [1,2].EBOV has a nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA genome that encodes 7 structural proteins [1,3].VP40 is the major matrix protein and is essential for virus assembly and release from host cells [4][5][6][7][8].During assembly, VP40 interacts with nucleoprotein to form, together with VP35 and VP24, nucleocapsid-like structures.These nucleocapsid-like Potential conflicts of interest: none reported.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".