Mutations in WNT1 are a cause of osteogenesis imperfecta
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable bone fragility disorder that is usually due to dominant mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2. Rare recessive forms of OI, caused by mutations in genes involved in various aspects of bone formation, have been described as well. OBJECTIVE: To identify the cause of OI in eight children with severe bone fragility and a clinical diagnosis of OI type IV who had had negative results on COL1A1/COL1A2 Sanger sequencing. METHODS: Whole exome sequencing was performed in genomic DNA samples from all eight individuals. RESULTS: WNT1 mutations were found in four children from three families. WNT1 was the only gene where mutations were found in all of these four patients. Two siblings from a consanguineous family had a homozygous missense mutation affecting a highly conserved cysteine residue in WNT1 (c.428G>T (p.Cys143Phe)). One girl had a homozygous frameshift deletion (c.287_300del(p.Gln96Profs)). A girl from a third family was compound heterozygous for a frameshift insertion and a missense mutation affecting a conserved amino acid (c.946_949insAACA (p.Ser317Lysfs); c.1063G>T (p.Val355Phe)). All of these children had short stature, low bone density, and severe vertebral compression fractures in addition to multiple long bone fractures in the first years of life. The Wnt signalling pathway is one of the key regulators of osteoblast activity. CONCLUSIONS: Recessive inactivating mutations in WNT1 are a new cause of OI type IV.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it