Factors Affecting the Accumulation of Organic-Rich Deposits in a Modern Avulsive Floodplain: Examples from the Cumberland Marshes, Saskatchewan, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Since the 1870s, the Saskatchewan River at the Cumberland Marshes (east-central Saskatchewan, Canada) has been undergoing progradational avulsion, resulting in development of a 500 km2 avulsion belt. The avulsion belt consists of an unstable network of active and abandoned channels, splays, and floodbasins, some containing small shallow lakes. Fine-grained deposits of varying total organic content (TOC) are currently accumulating within floodbasins inside, adjacent to, and outside the avulsion belt. The TOC of these deposits depends on factors that control the amount of siliciclastic sediment received by floodbasins. Five factors that affect TOC content are identified: distance from an active channel, position relative to the avulsion belt, presence of alluvial ridges, changes in local channel activity, and developmental stage of avulsion. A channel-to-basin trend of increasing TOC is present at many locations, reflecting greater suspended sediment loads received by near-channel areas, and locations within the avulsion belt generally accumulate sediment with lower TOC than those adjacent to or outside the belt. Alluvial ridges locally act as barriers to floodbasin deposition, and channel abandonment reduces suspended sediment to adjacent floodbasins, both of which increase TOC of sediment. Finally, as avulsion wanes, less siliciclastic sediment is distributed throughout the avulsion belt, resulting in increased TOC. In the geological record, such fine-grained avulsion deposits are likely to appear as intervals of mudrock between thin beds of coal or carbonaceous shale formed from organic-rich sediment deposited between avulsion events, a succession that is common in many ancient alluvial strata.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".