Temperature-Dependent Response of Radially Polarized Piezoceramic Cylinders to Harmonic Loadings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modeling the behavior of a radially polarized, hollow piezoelectric cylinder working at different temperature conditions is the topic of this article. The temperature dependence is taken into account through temperature-dependent material properties, pyroelectricity, and thermal dimension changes, simultaneously. The cylinder is electrically excited at its outer surface by a harmonic voltage. Two different structural boundary conditions being clamped-free and traction-free cases are considered. Symmetry of the structure, boundary conditions, and applied harmonic loads lead to an axisymmetric problem which is solved analytically. Temperature dependence of the first resonance frequency, radial stress, and displacement of the cylinder for different structural boundary conditions are then investigated. It was shown that the resonance frequency of the device is almost temperature independent in the traction-free case while it changes in the clamped-free case. The derived equations are verified by other published data and the finite-element software of Comsol Multiphysics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".