Putative functional characteristics of human estrogen receptor-beta isoforms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta) are clearly multifaceted in terms of structure and function. Several relatively abundant ERbeta isoforms have been identified, which can be differentially expressed in various tIssues. In order to provide insight into the possible role of the ERbeta family in breast tIssue a study of the putative functions of the human (h) ERbeta1, hERbeta2 and hERbeta5 isoforms was undertaken. Only hERbeta1 was found to bind ligand, which induced conformational changes as determined by protease digestion assays. All ERbeta isoforms could bind to and bend DNA although the relative efficiency with which they bound DNA differed with hERalpha>hERbeta1>hERbeta2>>hERbeta5. All ERbeta isoforms inhibited ERalpha transcriptional activity on an estrogen-response element (ERE)-reporter gene. The relative activities were hERbeta1>hERbeta2>hERbeta5; however, only hERbeta1 had transcriptional activity of its own. Both LY117018-hERalpha and LY117018-hERbeta1 complexes alone could activate transcription on a TGF-beta3-CAT gene. Although hERbeta2 and hERbeta5 had no activity alone, they inhibited ERalpha but not hERbeta1 transcriptional activity of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta3-CAT. In marked contrast to activity on an ERE-CAT reporter gene, hERbeta1 did not modulate ERalpha transcriptional activity on a TGF-beta3-CAT reporter gene. These data support promoter-specific differential activities of hERbeta isoforms with respect to models of ERalpha regulated gene expression, and suggest that they may have a role in differentially modulating estrogen action.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".