Modeling the role of stage-structured agonistic interactions in ontogenetic habitat shifts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ontogenetic habitat shifts are often associated with habitat-dependent changes in competition and/or predation risk. Although inter- and intraspecific interactions are known to influence the distribution of size classes among habitat types, the mechanistic role that agonistic behaviors play in driving apparent ontogenetic habitat shifts has yet to be rigorously examined. We used an individual-based, correlated random walk model which permitted behavioral interactions among individuals to test whether spatial variation in juvenile occupancy of different habitat types can be produced by (1) mortality (i.e., agonistic interactions between adults and juveniles result in juvenile mortality) or (2) escape responses during agonistic interactions (i.e., juveniles fleeing after interactions with adults). We used the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana), a well-studied stream invertebrate that experiences an ontogenetic habitat shift from riffles to pools, as a model organism. When modeled juveniles experienced mortality during adult–juvenile agonistic interactions or when interactions produced escape behaviors, the population distributions became size-structured (juvenile occupancy of riffles greater than pools). Although both mortality and escape behaviors produced size-structured distributions, the effect of escape behaviors was greater than the effect of mortality on the distribution of juveniles. Furthermore, maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of juveniles between the habitat types was strongly dependent on a lack of underlying preferences for the pool habitat in juveniles. Our results suggest that juvenile escape responses during agonistic interactions with adults may be a key mechanism contributing to observed ontogenetic habitat shifts, particularly in species for which the juveniles show greater niche flexibility than the adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".