Chiral induction in nematic and smectic C liquid crystal phases by dopants with axially chiral 1,11-dimethyl-5,7-dihydrodibenz[c,e]thiepin cores
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three calamitic molecules with axially chiral cores, (S)-3,9-bis[(4-dodecyloxybenzoyl)oxy]-1,11-dimethyl-5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]thiepin (5a), (R)-3,9-bis[(4-butoxybenzoyl)oxy]-1,11-dimethyl-5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]thiepin (5b), and (R)-3,9-bis[(4-octyloxybenzoyl)oxy]-1,11-dimethyl-5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]thiepin (5c), were synthesized in optically pure form and doped in four calamitic liquid crystal hosts with I–N–SmA–SmC (INAC) phase sequences (PhP, PhB, NCB76 and DFT), and in the nematic host 5CB. Helical twisting powers (β) in the N* phase are in the range of 24–43 µm–1 with the INAC hosts, and in the range of 56–58 µm–1 with 5CB at T–TN-I = –2 K, which are comparable to those previously reported for axially chiral binaphthyls. Interestingly, these dopants were found to stabilize and broaden the temperature range of the N* phase in 5CB. With some of the dopant–INAC host mixtures, the induction of a chiral TGBA* phase was also observed. Dopant 5a induces a measurable spontaneous polarization in the SmC phase of the achiral phenylpyrimidine host PhP, giving a polarization power δp of –104 ± 20 nC cm–2. Comparisons of helical twisting powers in the N* and SmC* phases, and polarization powers in the SmC* phase, for dopants 5a–c and the dinitro analogue (+)-1,11-dinitro-3,9-bis[(4-nonyloxybenzoyl)oxy]-5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]thiepin (4) suggest that the nitro substituents play a dominant role in promoting chirality transfer in the SmC* phase, whereas the helical topography of the core appears to be a more important factor in promoting chirality transfer in the N* phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".