A Life-Span Developmental Perspective on Social Status and Health
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents a life-span developmental (LSD) perspective on the linkages between social status and health. The objective is to develop a conceptual framework that is useful in understanding why people are differentially exposed to risks of disease or protective factors and the social conditions that link the effects of risk and protective factors to the social environment over the life span. The discussion distinguishes between the complementary concepts of "life span," "life cycle," and "life course," critical theoretical distinctions that may help refine hypotheses about the relationship between health and social status. We argue that life-cycle and life-course concepts can be viewed as embedded in a more general LSD perspective. Using the theoretical principles derived from this perspective, the review examines (a) gender differences, (b) race-ethnic experiences, (c) childhood experiences, (d) educational levels, (e) socioeconomic differences, and (f) age differences. The emphasis in the review is to highlight the value of a broader LSD perspective in the study of health inequalities. The article ends with a brief summary of where future research is headed and novel developments in the study of social status and health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".