Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines the process of institutional change in British Columbia’s timber sector. It is composed of a series of essays which highlight the underlying political and economic factors that have shaped past and current reforms. Taking center stage in the analysis, are the resource rents available from the publicly owned forest estate and how different policies embedded in the timber tenure system captures and distributes this rent. Lying at the heart of the disputed softwood lumber trade between the United States and Canada has been the different property rights regimes governing commercial forestry in the two countries and the administration of stumpage fees, aimed at collecting rents from tenure holders. Furthermore, through a variety of mechanisms in the tenure system, these rents have been used to steer rural economic development. To make the system more transparent to the United States and adaptable to changing global market conditions a Forestry Revitalization plan was crafted and implemented in 2003. The plan involved using auctions to allocate and price timber but also gave the timber industry greater flexibility in organizing their production throughout space and time. Results suggest that the reforms enhanced the rent available from the forest resource but also re-distributed these rents, causing both winners and losers. In general, capital and labor employed in the rural forest sector have lost at the expense of the landowner, the provincial government. Additionally, the rent gradient over this forestland appears to explain the development of property rights in the province.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.025 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".