<i>Cladonia pyxidata</i>and<i>C. pocillum</i>; genetic evidence to regard them as conspecific
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Species delimitation in lichen-forming fungi has been based largely on morphological differences of fungal structures and the lichen thallus with an assumption that morphology reflects hereditary changes. One of the distinguishing features between Cladonia pyxidata and C. pocillum (Cladoniaceae, Ascomycotina) is the shape of the primary squamules. Because these species may inhabit different types of soil the phylogeny of these species was examined in light of potential environmental influences from soil pH and photobiont. Samples were collected across North America, and soil pH was measured for a subset of samples. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer of 49 fungal and 14 algal partners and a portion of the polyketide synthase gene of 18 fungi was sequenced and analyzed by phylogenetic methods. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profiles for 129 algae were examined for geographic variation and fungal specificity. Cladonia pyxidata and C. pocillum are not monophyletic but results show seven highly supported lineages. The photobiont and geographic distribution do not play a role in species delimitation. Soil pH shows a statistically significant difference between the extreme morphologies of the two species suggesting a possible link between morphology and environmental conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".