Rheology studies of polyethylene/chemical blowing agent solutions within an injection molding machine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An in‐line capillary rheometer nozzle equipped to a conventional reciprocating 55‐ton injection molding machine was used to study the viscosity of single phase low density polyethylene (LDPE)/chemical blowing agent (CBA) solutions under high shear rate in the concentration range of 0 to 5 wt%. The steady shear viscosity of LDPE with endothermic and exothermic chemical blowing agents was measured for shear rates ranging from 170 to 200,000 s −1 and under pressure conditions up to 36 MPa. Pressure‐volume‐temperature (pvT) measurements were determined to account for the pressure effects and the changes of the free volume during processing. The viscosity reduction of the polymer‐CBA solution was found to be dependent on the concentration of the chemical blowing agent and melt pressure. A model based on a simplified Cross‐Carreau model, incorporating the pvT behavior of LDPE, and the free volume concept was proposed to estimate the viscosity reduction resulting from the addition of a chemical blowing agent. The model employs a scaling method based on concentration‐dependent and pressure‐dependent shift factors to collapse the viscosity measurement to a master curve at each temperature. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 45:1108–1118, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".