Chemotherapy-Induced Genotoxic Stress Promotes Sensitivity to Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity by Enabling Missing-Self Recognition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells can recognize and kill tumor cells lacking "self" markers, such as class I MHC, but the basis for this recognition is not completely understood. NKR-P1 receptors are members of the C-type lectin-related NK receptor superfamily that are conserved from rodents to humans. Identification of Clr ligands for the NKR-P1 receptors has facilitated functional analysis of MHC-independent target cell recognition by NK cells. One receptor-ligand pair, NKR-P1B:Clr-b, can mediate "missing-self" recognition of tumor and infected cells, but the role of this axis in sensing stressed cells remains unknown. Here, we show that Clr-b is rapidly downregulated in cells undergoing genotoxic and cellular stress at the level of both RNA and surface protein. Stress-mediated loss of Clr-b on leukemia cells enhanced cytotoxicity mediated by NKR-P1B(+) NK cells. Notably, Clr-b downregulation was coordinated functionally with stress-mediated upregulation of NKG2D ligands (but not class I MHC). Our findings highlight a unique role for the MHC-independent NKR-P1B:Clr-b missing-self axis in recognition of stressed cells, and provide evidence of two independent levels of Clr-b regulation in stressed cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".