Intestinal decontamination using povidone-iodine compromises small bowel storage quality
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Povidone-iodine (PI) (Betadine, Purdue Fredrick Co., Norwalk, CT) is used during pancreas transplantation to provide duodenal decontamination without any intestinal complications. METHODS: This study assessed the combined effect of a luminal pretreatment with PI followed by a proven amino acid (AA)-rich preservation solution on small bowel (SB) storage quality. Rat SB was procured using intra-arterial University of Wisconsin solution followed by luminal administration with combinations of AA+/-PI pretreatment as follows: group 1, 20 mL AA solution; group 2, 20 mL PI and 20 mL AA solution; group 3, 100 mL AA solution; and group 4, 20 mL PI and 100 mL AA solution. Cellular energetics, permeability, and histology were analyzed throughout 10-hr cold storage. RESULTS: After 10 hr, adenosine triphosphate levels remained 2.9 to 3.2 micromol/g protein lower in the PI-treated groups than in groups 1 and 3. Functional parameters were also negatively affected by PI treatment. Mannitol permeability was 203 and 66 nmol/cm2 per hr in groups 2 and 4 versus 46 and 44 nmol/cm2 per hr in groups 1 and 3. Median grades of histologic injury (Park's) at 10 hr were 3, 5.5, 4, and 5 for groups 1 through 4, respectively. Luminal flushing with PI or AA solution resulted in an equivalent clearance greater than 95% of enteric bacteria present. CONCLUSIONS: hort-duration luminal PI exposure potentiates SB injury and provides no improved intestinal decontamination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".