Influence of alternative management methods on the economics of flax production in the Black Soil Zone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies were conducted at two locations on two Orthic Black Chernozemic soils over 4 yr to evaluate the economic effects of tillage system, preceding crop, phosphorus (P) fertilization of the preceding crop, and P fertilizer application on flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) production. Canola (Brassica napus L.), a non-mycorrhizal crop, and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a mycorrhizal crop, were grown as the preceding crops under conventional (CT) and reduced tillage (RT) systems, with 0, 11 and 22 kg P ha -1 applied as monoammonium phosphate (MAP). The following year, flax was planted with application of 0 or 11 kg P ha -1 as MAP side-banded at seeding. Tillage method had no impact on the net revenue of wheat or canola at either location when averaged over the 2 yr of study. Net revenue of flax was higher ($32 ha -1 to $95 ha -1 ) when preceded by wheat compared to canola regardless of tillage system or location. Net revenue averaged across the complete crop sequences was higher ($36 ha -1 to $62 ha -1 ) under RT than CT. Lower net revenue variability was also associated with use of RT management, and when wheat was the preceding crop. Changes in commodity prices and input costs had little effect on the relative rankings of the treatments. Flax production with wheat as a preceding crop together with RT and lesser use of P application was the most economical treatment under current input and output prices. Key words: Preceding crops, tillage, p fertilizer, net revenue
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".