Crystallinity-Controlled Synthesis of Zirconium Oxide Thin Films on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes by Atomic Layer Deposition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) thin film was deposited on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using tetrakis(dimethylamido)zirconium(IV) and water as precursors. The observation using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) revealed that the tubular films of 100-cycle ZrO 2 were very uniform and conformal on NCNTs. Further characterization using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and high-resolution TEM disclosed that the crystallinity of the deposited ZrO 2 films was controllable with deposition temperatures in the range of 100–250 °C. In contrast to the pure amorphous ZrO 2 film deposited at 100 °C, tetragonal crystalline ZrO 2 film was prepared at 250 °C, while a mixture of the former two phases was found between 150 and 200 °C. In all cases, the growth of ZrO 2 tubular films on NCNTs showed a transformation from an island-growth mode to a layer-by-layer growth mode with increasing ALD cycles. The ZrO 2 –NCNT nanocomposites with controllable crystallinity will have great potential for various applications in fuel cells, batteries, electronics devices, and chemical sensors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".