Maize seed and stem roots differ in response to neighbouring weeds
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A fifi M & S wanton C (2011). Maize seed and stem roots differ in response to neighbouring weeds. Weed Research 51 , 442–450. Summary Light signals such as the red to far‐red ratio (R/FR) reflected from stem and leaf surfaces of neighbouring weeds can trigger a shade avoidance response in maize seedlings, resulting in a reduction in root biomass. In this experiment, we tested the hypothesis that maize roots originating from seed or stem tissue differed in their response to the R/FR ratio reflected from neighbouring weeds. Laboratory experiments were conducted under conditions of non‐limiting resources using perennial ryegrass as a model weed species. The above‐ground reduction in the R/FR ratio reflected from neighbouring weeds delayed the emergence of the root radicle and reduced the root relative growth rate from emergence until the fourth leaf tip stage of maize. At this leaf stage, no effect was observed on root length or surface area of the root radicle or seminal roots. In contrast, crown root length, diameter, surface area and number were all reduced, compared with crown roots grown under weed‐free conditions. These changes accounted for the observed reduction in total root biomass and volume. This is the first study to report that maize roots originating from seed or stem tissue differ in their response to the proximity of neighbouring weeds.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it