Comparison of Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction, Virus Isolation, and Immunoperoxidase Assays for Detecting Pigs Infected with Low, Moderate, and High Virulent Strains of Classical Swine Fever Virus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pigs were experimentally inoculated with Glentorf, Lelystad/97, and Alfort/187: representative low, moderate, and high virulent strains of classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Animals were tested for viremia using virus isolation and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays run under routine diagnostic conditions. The virus was detected in the peripheral blood by virus isolation and RT-PCR assays of all Glentorf- and Lelystad/97-infected pigs beginning at 3 days postinoculation (dpi) and in all Alfort/187-infected pigs beginning at 2 dpi. Viremia, as determined by virus isolation, remained detectable in Lelystad/97- and Alfort/187-infected pigs until the last animal within each cohort was euthanized on days 12 and 7 postinoculation, respectively. In contrast, the virus could be isolated from the blood of all Glentorf-infected pigs between 3 and 7 dpi but not from 10 to 21 dpi when the experiment was concluded. Viremia, as determined by RT-PCR, became apparent in Alfort/187-infected pigs at 2 dpi and in Glentorf- and Lelystad/97-infected pigs at 3 dpi. All pigs, regardless of the CSFV strain used, remained RT-PCR positive until they were euthanized. Tonsils were harvested from all the pigs and frozen sections tested for the presence of the CSFV antigen using polyclonal pestivirus and monoclonal CSFV horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) conjugates. Immunostaining reactions were positive for all the Alfort/187- and Lelystad/97-infected pigs. By contrast, tonsils from the Glentorf-infected pigs gave negative to equivocal results. These data suggest that an RT-PCR assay performed on blood may be the best test when dealing with pigs infected with low virulent strains of CSFV.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".