TNF Receptor 1 Mediates Dendritic Cell Maturation and CD8 T Cell Response through Two Distinct Mechanisms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
TNF-α and its two receptors (TNFR1 and 2) are known to stimulate dendritic cell (DC) maturation and T cell response. However, the specific receptor and mechanisms involved in vivo are still controversial. In this study, we show that in response to an attenuated mouse hepatitis virus infection, DCs fail to mobilize and up-regulate CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class I in TNFR1(-/-) mice as compared with the wild-type and TNFR2(-/-) mice. Correspondingly, virus-specific CD8 T cell response was dramatically diminished in TNFR1(-/-) mice. Adoptive transfer of TNFR1-expressing DCs into TNFR1(-/-) mice rescues CD8 T cell response. Interestingly, adoptive transfer of TNFR1-expressing naive T cells also restores DC mobilization and maturation and endogenous CD8 T cell response. These results show that TNFR1, not TNFR2, mediates TNF-α stimulation of DC maturation and T cell response to mouse hepatitis virus in vivo. They also suggest two mechanisms by which TNFR1 mediates TNF-α-driven DC maturation, as follows: a direct effect through TNFR1 expressed on immature DCs and an indirect effect through TNFR1 expressed on naive T cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".