Culturable <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Soil Mixed with Two Types of Manure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We evaluated the impact of the manure type used in soil–manure mixtures on the detection of culturable E. coli as tested in water quality monitoring. A series of incubation experiments, lasting up to 200 d, allowed evaluation of the potential impact of manure × soil interactions on the augmentation of culturable E. coli Two soil types (sandy loam and a silt loam), two manure types (liquid swine manure and solid beef cattle manure), and three temperature levels (4, 12, and 20°C) were investigated. The significance of the presence of competing microorganisms was estimated by comparing results from manure mixtures with sterile and nonsterile soils. Water content in the soil–manure mixtures was maintained close to field capacity to eliminate the specific impact of water availability. We found that culturability of the indicator organism, E. coli , changed with time and was dependent on the type of manure used and its interaction with soil. Escherichia coli could be cultured for a longer time from soils with liquid manure additions. Whereas E. coli numbers were initially higher from soils treated with solid beef cattle manure, their numbers decreased more rapidly and the duration of their apparent survival was shorter. Resilience of culturable E. coli was independent of their initial numbers in manure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".