Possible roles for stanniocalcin during early skeletal patterning and joint formation in the mouse
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stanniocalcin (STC) is a polypeptide hormone discovered first in fish and more recently in mammals. In mammals, the gene is widely expressed and the hormone is, so far, known to be involved in regulating the transport of calcium or phosphate across renal and gut epithelia, and into neuronal cells. Gene expression is also high during development, and in an earlier study we mapped the temporal and spatial pattern of gene expression in the mouse urogenital system. Our data suggested that STC probably acted as a signaling molecule that was produced in mesenchyme cells and targeted to epithelial cell layers in both kidney and testes. Here we have examined STC mRNA and protein distributions between developmental stages E10.5 and E18.5 in the axial and appendicular skeleton. In the axial skeleton, STC was transiently expressed in a rostral-caudal fashion during vertebral development; protein appeared to be made in intervertebral disc mesenchyme cells and targeted to vertebral hypertrophic and prehypertrophic chondrocytes. By stage E18.5, the STC gene was active only in vertebral perichondrocytes. The pattern of expression in the appendicular skeleton was equally striking. Early in development, STC gene expression defined the initial lengths of bone primordia. The gene was expressed in mesenchyme cells at either ends of precartilaginous condensations defining future long bones and the secreted protein was targeted to the chondroblasts. Later on during joint formation, STC was highly expressed in interzone cells that defined all future joints. After cavitation, STC gene expression was greatest in perichondrocytes lining the joints. Underlying resting, proliferative and prehypertrophic chondrocytes appeared to be the targets of STC both during and after cavitation. Therefore, its pattern of expression was indicative of a role in early skeletal patterning and joint formation. Moreover, as occurs during urogenital development, it appeared that STC is made in undifferentiated mesenchyme cells and sequestered by those destined to differentiate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".