Primary consumers and particulate organic matter: Isotopic evidence of strongselectivity in the estuarine transition zone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The freshwater−saltwater transition zones of upper estuaries often contain high concentrations of particulate organic matter (POM) that could potentially support their productive food webs. Our objectives were to define the carbon and nitrogen isotopic characteristics of POM across the estuarine transition zone (ETZ) of the St. Lawrence River, Canada, and to determine the availability of this material to primary consumers. The δ 13 C of seston from upstream freshwater samples (−26.3 ± 0.9‰) indicated a large contribution of terrestrially derived organic material, whereas downstream sites had higher values (−24.8 ± 0.5‰) attributable to dilution with marine phytoplankton. The ETZ turbidity maximum had more negative values (−27.0 ± 1.6‰), especially the <5−mm fraction (−30.0 ± 1.3‰) that contributed 56−86% of the POM. The δ 13 C of the dominant consumer species in the ETZ ( Bosmina longirostris , Keratella sp., Eurytemora affinis , and adult Dreissena polymorpha ) averaged −21.0 ± 0.9‰, well above the seston values. The δ 15 N of the three animals of lowest trophic position averaged 7.3 ± 0.8‰, less than 2‰ above the seston δ 15 N (5.7 ± 0.2‰ for all sites). Our results imply that the bulk POM is largely detrital and unavailable to the ETZ food web and that the primary consumers feed selectively on phytoplankton despite its low contribution (<10%) to total POM. A cross−system comparison of isotopic data shows that the large enrichment of 13 C in consumers relative to POM is unusual, underscoring the distinctive character of turbid, upper estuarine ecosystems.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".