Alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential during preimplantation stages of mouse and human embryo development
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles regulating metabolism and cell death pathways. This study examined changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (deltapsim) throughout the stages of preimplantation development in mouse embryos conceived either in vivo or in vitro and human embryos donated to research from IVF. Embryos stained with the deltapsim-sensitive dye (JC-1) were quantified for the ratio of high- to low-polarized mitochondria using a deconvolution microscope. Overall, mouse zygotes and early embryos contain a subset of high-polarized mitochondria with a progressive increase in the ratio of deltapsim observed with increasing cleavage. A transient increase in the ratio of high to low deltapsim was observed in in vivo fertilized 2-cell stage embryos, coincident with embryonic genome activation in the mouse, but not in 2-cell embryos obtained through IVF. We further observed that arrested mouse 2-cell embryos possessed an increased ratio of deltapsim compared with non-arrested embryos. In human 8-cell embryos we observed an increased ratio of high- to low-polarized mitochondria with increasing degrees of embryo fragmentation. We concluded that the pattern of mitochondrial membrane potential progressively changes throughout preimplantation development, and that an aberrant shift in deltapsim could contribute to, or is associated with, decreased developmental potential.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it