Actual vs. best practices for young children with cerebral palsy: A survey of paediatric occupational therapists and physical therapists in Quebec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rationale: Cerebral palsy (CP) constitutes a substantial portion of paediatric rehabilitation, yet little is known regarding actual occupational therapy (OT) and physical therapy (PT) practices. This study describes OT and PT practices for young children with CP in Quebec, Canada.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey. All eligible, consenting paediatric occupational therapists (OTs) and physical therapists (PTs) were interviewed using a structured telephone interview based on vignettes of two typical children with CP at two age points—18 months and 4 years. Reported practices were grouped according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Results: 91.9% of PTs (n = 62; 83.8% participation rate) and 67.1% of OTs (n = 85; 91.4% participation rate) reported using at least one standardized paediatric assessment. OT and PT interventions focused primarily on impairments and primary function (such as gait function and activities of daily living). Both professions gave little attention to interventions related to play and recreation/leisure. Clinicians reported the need for more training and education specific to CP and to the use of research findings in clinical practice.Conclusion: Wide variations and gaps were identified in clinicians’ responses suggesting the need for a basic standard of OT and PT management as well as strategies to encourage knowledge dissemination regarding current best practice.Fundamento: La parálisis cerebral (PC) constituye una parte sustancial de la rehabilitación pediátrica, sin embargo se sabe poco acerca del ejercicio actual de la terapia física (TF) y de la terapia ocupacional (TO). Este estudio describe la aplicación de la TF y de la TO a niños pequeños con PC en Quebec, Canadá. Métodos: Este fue un estudio prospectivo, de corte transversal. Todos los terapistas físicos (TF) y los terapistas ocupacionales (TO) pediátricos elegibles, previo consentimiento, fueron entrevistados utilizando un cuestionario telefónico estructurado basado en viñetas de dos niños típicos con PC a dos edades - 18 meses y 4 años de edad. Las prácticas reportadas fueron agrupadas en base a la Clasificación Internacional de Funcionalidad, discapacidad y salud (CIF). Resultados: 91.9% de los TFs (n = 62; 83.8% rango de participación) y 67.1% de los TOs (n = 85; 91.4% rango de participación) reportaron usar por lo menos una forma de evaluación pediátrica estandarizada. Las intervenciones de TF y TO se enfocaron principalmente en las discapacidades y en las funciones primarias (tales como la marcha y las actividades de la vida diaria). Ambas profesiones prestaron poca atención a las intervenciones relacionadas al juego y a las actividades recreativas y de entretenimiento. Los médicos manifestaron la necesidad de un mayor entrenamiento y educación específicos a la PC y la aplicación de los hallazgos de las investigaciones en la práctica clínica. Conclusión: Se identificaron amplias variaciones y un desconocimiento en las respuestas de los médicos, sugiriendo esto la necesidad de un manejo estándar básico de TF y TO, así como estrategias que impulsen la diseminación del conocimiento en relación a una mejor práctica. Palabras clave: Terapia ocupacional, terapia física, parálisis infantil, Clasificación Internacional de Funcionalidad, tratamiento basado en la evidencia, rehabilitación pediátrica
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".