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Record W2148170385 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v66i2.1233

Pharmacist’s Role in Improving Medication Safety for Patients in an Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Ambulatory Clinic

2013· article· en· W2148170385 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Lina Ho, Keith Akada, Hans A. Messner, John Kuruvilla, Janice Wright, Jack T Seki

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicMedication Adherence and Compliance
Canadian institutionsUniversity of TorontoHotel Dieu Shaver Health and Rehabilitation CentrePrincess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health Network
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMedicinePharmacistAmbulatoryPsychological interventionPharmacyMedical prescriptionClinical pharmacyAmbulatory careHematopoietic cellFamily medicinePatient safetyMedication therapy managementEmergency medicineHealth careInternal medicineNursing

Abstract

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Background: Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), supported by complex drug regimens, are vulnerable to drug therapy problems (DTPs) at interfaces of care after discharge from hospital and may benefit from timely pharmacy interventions and education.Objective: To determine the effect on medication safety of, as well as potential barriers to, incorporating a pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team of an allo-HCT clinic.Methods: Two pharmacists rotated to attend the allo-HCT clinic of a tertiary care, university-affiliated cancer centre between January and June 2010 (coverage for 1 of 3 clinic days per week). For every patient who was seen by a pharmacist, all discharge medications were reconciled from the inpatient ward to the clinic. The pharmacists’ primary task was to perform medication reconciliation and to identify and resolve DTPs. The pharmacists also provided medication education to patients and pharmacy consultations to clinic staff. Working with the outpatient pharmacy, the pharmacists helped to clarify prescriptions and drug coverage issues. Medication discrepancies identified and interventions performed by the pharmacists were recorded and were later graded for clinical significance by a panel of clinicians. Patient and staff satisfaction surveys were conducted at random during the study period. Barriers to the flow of patient care and other operational issues were documented.Results: The 2 pharmacists saw a total of 35 patients over 100 visits. They identified a total of 50 medication discrepancies involving 17 (49%) of the patients and 70 DTPs involving 23 (66%) of the patients. Thirty-one of the 70 DTPs resulted directly from a medication discrepancy. Twenty (95%) of the 21 unintentional medication discrepancies and 7 (70%) of the 10 undocumented intentional medication discrepancies were graded as clinically significant or moderately significant. Satisfaction surveys completed by patients and clinic staff yielded positive responses supporting pharmacists’ participation.Conclusions: Pharmacists working as part of the multidisciplinary team identified and resolved medication discrepancies, thereby improving medication safety at the allo-HCT clinic.RÉSUMÉContexte : Les patients subissant une greffe allogénique de cellules souches hématopoïétiques (GACSH), appuyée par un traitement médicamenteux complexe, sont vulnérables aux problèmes pharmacothérapeutiques lors de changement de milieu de soins après avoir reçu leur congé de l’hôpital et pourraient tirer profit d’interventions et de conseils pharmaceutiques en temps opportun.Objectif : Déterminer les répercussions sur la sécurité des médicaments de la participation d’un pharmacien et les obstacles potentiels à sa participation à l’équipe multidisciplinaire d’une unité clinique de GACSH.Méthodes : Deux pharmaciens se sont relayés pour se joindre à l’équipe de l’unité clinique de GACSH d’un centre de cancérologie tertiaire affilié à une université, entre janvier et juin 2010 (participation à une des trois journées par semaine d’ouverture de l’unité clinique). Pour chaque patient qu’il a rencontré, le pharmacien a comparé les médicaments prescrits au départ de l’hôpital au schéma pharmacothérapeutique adopté à l’unité de GACSH. La principale tâche des pharmaciens était d’effectuer un bilan comparatif des médicaments et de détecter et de résoudre tout problème pharmacothérapeutique. Les pharmaciens devaient également fournir des conseils sur les médicaments aux patients et des consultations au personnel de l’unité clinique. En collaboration avec la pharmacie externe, le pharmacien aidait à clarifier les ordonnances et à préciser les modalités de remboursement des médicaments. Les divergences médicamenteuses relevées par les pharmaciens et les interventions effectuées par ceux-ci ont été consignées, puis dans un second temps classées par un panel de cliniciens selon leur importance clinique. Des sondages sur la satisfaction des patients et du personnel ont été effectués au hasard pendant la période de l’étude. Les obstacles au bon déroulement des soins aux patients et d’autres problèmes de fonctionnement ont été cernés et consignés.Résultats : Les deux pharmaciens ont vu 35 patients en tout au cours de 100 visites. Ils ont détecté un total de 50 divergences médicamenteuses touchant 17 (49 %) des patients et 70 problèmes pharmacothérapeutiques touchant 23 (66%) des patients. Trente-et-un de ces 70 problèmes pharmacothérapeutiques étaient directement attribuables à une divergence médicamenteuse. Vingt (95 %) des 21 divergences non intentionnelles et 7 (70 %) des 10 divergences intentionnelles non consignées ont été classées comme étant significatives ou modérément significatives sur le plan clinique. Les sondages sur la satisfaction remplis par les patients et le personnel de l’unité ont dégagé des réponses favorables à la participation des pharmaciens.Conclusions : Les pharmaciens qui ont participé à l’équipe multidisciplinaire ont détecté et résolu des divergences médicamenteuses, améliorant ainsi la sécurité des médicaments à l’unité de GACSH.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.018
Threshold uncertainty score0.813

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.300
Teacher spread0.275 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations24
Published2013
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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