Locating and Isolating DC Faults in Multi-Terminal DC Systems
Why is this work in the frame?
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Full frame distilled prediction
Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
- Candidate categories
- none
- Consensus categories
- none
- Domain
- Candidate signal: noneConsensus signal: none
- Study design
- Candidate signal: Simulation or modelingConsensus signal: Simulation or modeling
- Genre
- Candidate signal: EmpiricalConsensus signal: none
- Teacher disagreement score
- 0.528
- Threshold uncertainty score
- 0.813
- Validation status
machine_predicted_unvalidated·codex-gemma-dda1882f352a
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
- Teacher spread
- 0.221 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
- Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline· verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it
Abstract
A VSC-MTDC (multi-terminal dc) system consists of voltage-source converters (VSCs) connected to a dc network at their dc terminals. The MTDC is most vulnerable to a dc fault which paralyses all the VSCs until the dc fault is cleared. As dc circuit breakers are expensive, this paper proposes a solution based on extinguishing the dc fault current by opening all the ac-circuit breakers (ac-CBs) which the VSCs are already equipped with on the ac-sides. However, it is necessary to identify which dc line is the faulted line (in case it is a permanent fault) so that it can be isolated by fast dc switches (which are much more economical than the dc circuit breakers), prior to restoring the MTDC system by re-closing all the ac-CBs. This paper presents the handshaking method, which locates and isolates the faulted dc line and restores the MTDC without telecommunication.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
The record
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
- Topic
- HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- Field
- Engineering
- Canadian institutions
- McGill UniversityHydro One (Canada)
- Funders
- not available
- Keywords
- Circuit breakerTerminal (telecommunication)ConvertersHandshakingElectrical engineeringFault (geology)Line (geometry)DC biasEngineeringVoltageComputer scienceTelecommunicationsComputer network
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes