Pathogenesis-related genes as tools for discovering the response of onion defence system against <i>Iris yellow spot virus</i> infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) is a viral pathogen of onions and causes severe damage and economic loss in affected onion crops. Pathogenesis-related (PR) genes are part of the innate immune response that onions harbour against viral diseases, which to date remains unclear. Using a sensitive and reliable real-time quantitative PCR method, the dynamic expression of five different genes in infected onions were investigated after biological inoculation with virulent isolate of Thrips tabaci (Lindeman). The transcription levels of PR1, PR2, PR3, PR4, and PR5 genes were highly expressed 1 day post inoculation (dpi). Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed a significant change in peak expression levels of PR1 after 8 dpi and PR3 after 9 dpi. In contrast, the expression level change for the other genes was only moderate. Further, we determined and ranked the expression stability of three reference genes (EF1-α, 18S rRNA, and β-actin) using geNorm and NormFinder. The overall analysis demonstrated that β-actin is the most informative gene, which can be utilised as an internal control for quantitative gene expression. Our study findings not only provide guidelines for selection of appropriate reference genes in virally infected onions, but also valuable information concerning immune response related genes associated with the initial plant defences against viral infection. Moreover, the PR1 gene appears to be a disease-specific gene related to the IYSV infection in onion tissues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".