Etiopathogenic Role of Surfactant Protein D in the Clinical and Immunological Expression of Primary Sjögren Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the etiopathogenic role of genetic polymorphisms and serum levels of surfactant protein-D (SP-D) in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). METHODS: We analyzed 210 consecutive patients with pSS. SFTPD genotyping (M11T polymorphism rs721917) was analyzed by sequence-based typing and serum SP-D by ELISA. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients (15%) had the Thr11/Thr11 genotype, 80 (38%) the Met11/Met11 genotype, and 96 (46%) the Met11/Thr11 genotype; 2 patients could not be genotyped. Patients carrying the Thr11/Thr11 genotype had a higher prevalence of renal involvement (13% vs 1% and 4% in comparison with patients carrying the other genotypes, p = 0.014). Serum SP-D levels were analyzed in 119 patients (mean 733.94 ± 49.88 ng/ml). No significant association was found between serum SP-D levels and the SP-D genotypes. Higher mean values of serum SP-D were observed in patients with severe scintigraphic involvement (851.10 ± 685.69 vs 636.07 ± 315.93 ng/ml, p = 0.038), interstitial pulmonary disease (1053.60 ± 852.03 vs 700.36 ± 479.33 ng/ml, p = 0.029), renal involvement (1880.64 ± 1842.79 vs 716.42 ± 488.01 ng/ml, p = 0.002), leukopenia (899.83 ± 661.71 vs 673.13 ± 465.88 ng/ml, p = 0.038), positive anti-Ro/SS-A (927.26 ± 731.29 vs 642.75 ± 377.23 ng/ml, p = 0.006), and positive anti-La/SS-B (933.28 ± 689.63 vs 650.41 ± 428.14 ng/ml, p = 0.007), while lower mean values of serum SP-D were observed in patients with bronchiectasis (489.49 vs 788.81 ng/ml, p = 0.019). CONCLUSION: In pSS, high SP-D levels were found in patients with severe glandular involvement, hypergammaglobulinemia, leukopenia, extraglandular manifestations, and positive anti-Ro/La antibodies. The specific association between SP-D levels and pulmonary and renal involvements may have pathophysiological implications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".