Ultraviolet photooxidation for the biodegradability enhancement of airborne o-xylene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) photolysis was evaluated as a technique to convert recalcitrant aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into more biodegradable compounds. o-Xylene was investigated as the model compound due to its low biodegradability and low water solubility. o-Xylene contaminated gaseous streams with inlet loadings of up to 2700 g·m 3 ·h 1 were passed through an annular photoreactor equipped with a UV source emitting light at 254 nm and 185 nm wavelengths. Ultraviolet photolysis effectively degraded o-xylene at a maximum removal rate of about 700 g·m 3 ·h 1 , with the principle oxidizing species being hydroxyl radical. Of the total o-xylene removed, measured as total organic carbon (TOC) or chemical oxygen demand (COD), between 30% and 50% was converted to water-soluble and more biodegradable intermediates. The biodegradability of the photolysis intermediates was comparable to that of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), which is 210 times more biodegradable than o-xylene. These results show that the use of UV photolysis is a promising and effective pretreatment technique for enhancing the biodegradability of recalcitrant organic compounds such as aromatics. Key words: VOC, o-xylene, photolysis, biodegradation, air treatment, biofiltration, ozone, hydrogen peroxide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".