Dielectric properties of polypropylene loaded with synthetic organoclay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The incorporation of synthetic silica nanoparticles into polypropylene is shown to increase the ac breakdown strength compared to unfilled material. This breakdown strength stays unchanged during application of a 40 kV/mm dc field for up to 500 h at both, room temperature and 90°C. Dielectric spectroscopy shows an increase of dielectric loss factor, tan¿, with nanoflller concentration and a distinct relaxation around 60°C. The increase of tan¿ caused by nanoparticles is moderate and thus manageable in practical applications. Subjecting specimens to a dc field did not significantly change the dielectric loss spectra. The dc conductivity of the materials with nano-filler was found to be higher than for unfilled materials. This is believed to be caused by the overlapping of the diffuse double layers surrounding nanoparticles, which provide a path for the migration of electric charge. Aging nanocomposites in a dc field resulted in the increase of conductivity but the increments were significantly smaller than those observed in the material without organoclay.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".