Effect of tooth bleaching on shear bond strength of a fluoride-releasing sealant
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of an in-office plus at-home bleaching protocol on shear bond strength of orthodontic buttons when using a fluoride-releasing sealant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Extracted human molars (160) were randomly divided into bleached (n = 80) and unbleached groups (n = 80). The bleached group was treated with 45% carbamide peroxide for 30 minutes, followed by five applications of 20% carbamide peroxide at 24-hour intervals. After 2 weeks, lingual buttons were bonded on the teeth in both groups using either Transbond XT primer or Pro Seal sealant. The teeth were then stored in artificial saliva and subjected to shear testing at 24 hours and 3 months using a Zwick Universal Test Machine. Comparisons of mean shear bond strength values were made with the analysis of variance test. The Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the adhesive remnant index scores. RESULTS: The analysis of variance of the 24-hour results indicated a significant difference between the four subgroups (P < .0011). Further simple t-tests indicated that the differences were significant only between bleached and unbleached subgroups (P < .0011). The 3-month results showed the mean shear bond strengths of the unbleached group using Pro Seal sealant was significantly lower than that of the other, though still greater than clinically minimal suggested bond strengths. Interestingly, 15% of the bleached teeth exhibited enamel fracture at the 3-month testing. CONCLUSION: Both Pro Seal sealant and Transbond XT primer demonstrated reliable shear bond strength values on both bleached and unbleached teeth over time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".