Stage-specific markers define early steps of procambium development in<i>Arabidopsis</i>leaves and correlate termination of vein formation with mesophyll differentiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During leaf development, ground meristem cells along continuous lines undergo coordinated oriented cell divisions and differentiate to form procambial cells, the precursors of all vascular cells. The molecular genetic dissection of early procambial development suffers from the lack of easily identifiable markers, especially of cell states preceding procambium formation. In this study, we have identified and characterized three reporter gene expression markers that reflect three distinct preprocambial stages, as well as one marker whose expression seems to be perfectly congruent with the appearance of procambial cells. All four markers are invariably expressed in continuous domains connected to pre-existing vasculature and their expression profiles reveal a common spatiotemporal pattern of early vein formation. We observed progressive extension of vascular strands at the preprocambial stage, suggesting that veins are initiated as freely ending preprocambial domains and that network formation occurs through subsequent fusion of these domains. Consistent with this interpretation, we demonstrate that veins are generally not programmed to become freely ending or interconnected network elements. Instead, we found that the progressive extension of preprocambial domains can be interrupted experimentally and that this leads to less complex vein patterns consisting of fewer vein orders, in which even lower-order veins become freely ending. Mesophyll differentiation turned out to be strictly correlated with the termination of preprocambial domain extension. These findings suggest that Arabidopsis vein pattern is not inherently determinate, but arises through reiterative initiation of new preprocambial branches until this process becomes terminated by the differentiation of mesophyll.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".