A compact airborne G-band (183 GHz) water Vapor Radiometer and retrievals of liquid cloud parameters from coincident radiometer and millimeter wave radar measurements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ProSensing Inc. has developed a G-band (183 GHz, 1.5 mm wavelength) water Vapor Radiometer (GVR) for measuring low concentrations of atmospheric water vapor and liquid water. Using four double sideband receiver channels, the instrument measures brightness temperature at 183.31 +-1, +-3, +-7 and +-14 GHz . An airborne version of the instrument, packaged and wired to operate from a standard PMS probe canister, was successfully tested onboard the National Research Council of Canada Convair-580 aircraft during the Canadian CloudSat and CALIPSO validation flights (C3VP) through the winter of 2006-07. The Zenith G-band radiometer brightness temperature data collected with the GVR were complemented with co-located cloud reflectivity measurements with the NRC W and X-band (NAWX) radar system and in situ probes. By flying the aircraft in a stepped and porpoising ascent/descent patterns, liquid cloud water content was estimated from the GVR retrieved liquid water path. The effective radius and number density of liquid clouds were then estimated by combining the liquid water content with the W-band radar reflectivity factor (Z) and by applying a small correction factor, based on the characteristic drop size distribution shape of the observed cloud.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".