Reconciling social welfare, agent profits, and consumer payments in electricity pools
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Under a common condition called profit suboptimality, market equilibrium cannot be reached in electricity pools; in other words, no system marginal price exists for which the profit-driven independent generators would self-schedule to levels that exactly meet the demand. On the other hand, although a centrally imposed generation schedule satisfies power balance, it may force some agents to operate at a profit below what they could achieve under self-scheduling. This paper examines these incompatible goals and proposes a conflict resolution scheme based on the notion of generalized uplift functions. These functions are defined such that they: (i) change the offered generation cost characteristics so as to increase the system marginal price, thus forcing the consumers to compensate the generators for part of their combined loss of profit; (ii) execute an equitable transfer of revenues among the generators so that these also participate in any loss of profit compensation; (iii) ensure market equilibrium at the centralized minimum cost solution; and (iv) ensure that the net sum of the uplifts adds up to zero.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it