Plant bed treatment with 1,3-dichloropropene for Meloidogyne hapla control in carrots grown in organic soil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The efficacy of plant bed treatment with the fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) to control Meloidogyne hapla and improve carrot yields was determined in an organic soil under commercial field conditions. The soil was treated with 1,3-D at 56 and 112 L ha-1 either mixed with a rototiller in a 15-cm width band over the row or injected 20 cm deep with a single shank behind the rototiller at a rate of 56 L ha-1. The single injection treatment at the 56 L ha-1 rate provided the best nematode control with the lowest galling indices and the highest yield of marketable carrot roots (66.7 t ha-1 vs. 5 t ha-1 for untreated control). The mixed application method was less effective than the soil injection method, even at twice the rate. In a second field trial, the fumigant was injected at 40 L ha-1 rate through a single shank at 20 cm deep. Soil treatment suppressed galling and significantly increased the number of marketable carrot roots (68.71 ha-1 vs. 11.81 ha-1 control). Plant bed treatment with 1,3-D is an effective alternative to traditional broadcast treatment for control of root-knot nematodes in carrot production on organic soil.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".