Feasibility study of a cogeneration plant for University of Calgary
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper presents the initial results of a research project on the technical and economic feasibility and logistics of installing a cogeneration plant on the University of Calgary Campus in the light of the upcoming electricity deregulation at the retail level, mandated by the provincial government starting 1 January, 2001. Part of the electric power generated will be used to supply the campus needs and the excess sold to ENMAX at the prevailing competitive price. The steam byproduct will be used to satisfy campus hot water needs. A range of sizes for the cogeneration plant will then be determined so as to maximize return on invested capital under the retail post-deregulation scenario, using a range of dollar figures per kWhr above and below the estimated mean value. The following collateral issues are also addressed: (1) siting of the cogeneration plant; comparative merits will be evaluated along with the appropriate recommendation; (2) gas-fired turbine? Contractual arrangements with a natural gas supplier for protection from gas price fluctuations are analyzed; logistics of standby diesel fuel in case of gas supply interruption are explored; (3) relative merits of the university undertaking this endeavor alone or in collaboration with an operator such as ENMAX are investigated on a cost and profit-sharing basis; and (4) contractual arrangements with ENMAX to supply emergency power, in case of cogeneration unit failure, are also addressed. KWhr dollar figure estimates are done for the retail post-deregulation scenario and their impact on cogeneration assessed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".