Clinical and Immunologic Risk Factors for Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccine Failure in the United Kingdom
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The meningococcal serogroup C conjugate (MCC) vaccine was introduced into the United Kingdom with licensure based on immunogenicity data not efficacy data. METHODS: All subjects with laboratory-confirmed meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) disease from January 2000 to December 2003 in England and Wales were followed up. A vaccine failure was defined as a laboratory-confirmed case of MenC disease occurring > or =10 days after the subject's last scheduled dose of MCC vaccine. Total immunoglobulins, serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) titers, MCC anticapsular antibody levels, and avidity indices (AIs) were measured in acute and convalescent serum samples from subjects with vaccine failure and unvaccinated subjects with MenC disease. RESULTS: Of 465 subjects with confirmed MenC disease identified among those eligible for vaccination, information on vaccination history was obtained for 462 (99.4%); of these, 53 were subjects with vaccine failure. SBA titers in convalescent serum samples and AIs in acute serum samples were significantly higher in subjects with vaccine failure than in unvaccinated subjects, (6.1-fold higher for SBA titers [P=.03] and 3.2-fold higher for AIs [P=.001]). CONCLUSIONS: The antibody response in the subjects with vaccine failure was consistent with an anamnestic response, suggesting that MenC disease occurred despite the MCC vaccine priming for immune memory. Persistence of antibodies may be a more appropriate correlate of long-term protection for MCC vaccines than the ability to generate a booster response on exposure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".